Displaced Person and Host Country free essay sample

Canada is amongst many countries known as a refugee-friendly country. From the early 20th century, during the World Wars to other world crises, these countries have opened their doors to people fleeing their home countries for reasons of poverty, persecution and violence. However, the host countries that receive refugees claim to be taxed or stressed because of misperception that refugees are a drain on the social system. Consequently, the refugees lose their own home of origin while at the same time; do not entirely fit in to the host country. The purpose of this paper will be to highlight some of the difficult coping issues that refugees have upon being forced to leave their country of origin. First, the term ‘refugee’ will be described and explained. Second, the major issues of adjustment for refugees will be discussed. Third, some of the overall support services will be described. Finally, the paper will offer an alternate perspective on improving services for refugees around the world. Review of Literature Background of Topic Definition. Refugees are people who arrive to a host country because they are facing persecution based on a membership in a particular racial, ethnic, political or religious group. People in need of protection are those who are facing a threat, torture or other form of violence in their homeland. People who seek for refuge are entitled to stay in the host country, look for employment, and receive social benefits until the government determines their claim for refugee status. For example, Canada, as a host country has an international reputation with a benevolent immigration laws, and it offers a great protection to refugees. Canada has, to some extent, been created by immigration. Therefore, it has a solid practice of allowing protection to those who meet the definition of refugee. This tradition is linked to humanitarianism, which is a value that Canadians as individuals, are willing to honor by upholding the country’s commitment to provide asylum to those fleeing persecution. ( Perrin Dunn, 2007) Statistics. It is estimated that more that 25 million people are forced to flee their home country due to persecution and threats (Partida, 1996). An estimated of 7. 6 million people were newly displaced on 2012 due to conflict or persecution, including 1. 1 million new refugees, the highest number of new arrivals in one year since 1999. Another 6. 5 million people were newly displaced within the borders of their countries. Twenty three- thousand persons per day leave their homes and seek protection in other places around the world (Newbold, 2012). Why people seek refugee status. Many people around the world are seeking for refuge due to the destruction of their homeland; the global warming and the rising of the sea levels are leaving people with no food and potable water. The weather conditions are menacing the current habitability of the country. Many of these countries depend on the farming and fishing in order for people to survive. Therefore, they need to flee their homeland and ask for refuge in other countries (Moberg, 2009). Also, many of the displaced people are forced to leave because of human right violations and threats. Many others have endured traumatic experiences, such as the genocide of 1994 in Rwanda. Another example is Sudan, where the conflict between North and South Sudan is caused by racial, religion, cultural and political differences that have exploited the civilians. Moreover, refuges have experienced torture including physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse, depravations, burns and even witnessing the death of their loved ones (Amnesty International, 1990). Specific Impact Issues Coping. Resettlement is a chance for refugees to reconstruct their lives due to the past experiences of violence, persecution and the loss of family and home in their former home country. There are, however, major objections in the process of coping in a new country and a new culture. Refugees struggle to adapt into a new life style, language, and new education because it is different from their own culture (Pittaway Shteir, 2009). Also, refugees experience prejudice and discrimination by the host community and this may discourage them from seeking and receiving services from the host country. In fact, many of them feel the rejection and the lack of acceptance, leaving the refugees with the feeling of not belonging (Korcija-Hercigonja Rijavec, 1998). Stress. Many refugees have been exposed to major stressors due to the trauma in their former homeland leaving them with a lot of stress and prone to more severe mental health problems (Teodorescu, Heir, Hauff, Wentzel-Larsen, Lien). Moreover, refugees experience economic difficulties after they have been granted refugee status. For example, 55% of refugees were still dependent on social assistance to some extent eight years after their arrival. There is also evidence of an interaction between posttraumatic and acculturative stress, that is, refugees with a history of trauma can be expected to have more difficulties in the course of acculturation than those without a history of trauma (Hammarstedt, 2009). Homelessness. The experience of homelessness in refugees does not start in the host country. Most of the refugees have being homeless in their country of origin, and that is the major reason they flee their homeland (Association for Services to Torture and Trauma Survivors Inc. , 2008). Less than 10% of refugee people successfully access public housing in the first 18 months of resettlement, and housing options are frequently inappropriate for the culture of a refugee person. Also, the market rent is not affordable for the refugees and the waiting list for subsidies housing are very long and the only options are shelters. Shelter usage is not only at the arrival to the host country but may be an indicator of housing problem among the refugees (Sherrell, D’Addario Hiebert). Poverty. Refugees face poverty in ways that are similar to other marginalized groups in a host society. These include: low income, problems with access to services, lack of access to well-paid employment and challenging attitudes to those living on a low income (Mulvey, 2009). However, refugees have additional problems such as: lower levels of benefits than the general population, do not pay rent, and are dependent on the provision of housing and energy costs through social assistance. This period is a particularly vulnerable time for new refugees because they have to make the transition from complete dependency to the responsibility of negotiating the complex housing, health benefits system, and paying for energy costs. Restrictions on employment for refugee claimants are seen as contributing to the risk of poverty (Mulvey, 2009). Major Services Approaches Psychotherapy. Many refugees are victims of war-related and past experiences leaving them with a post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychotherapy is the interactive process between a person or group and a qualified mental health professional, and its purpose is the exploration of thoughts, feelings and behavior for the purpose of problem solving or achieving higher levels of functioning (Cinfuegos Monelli, 1983). Loving- Kindness Treatment. Is a Buddhism practice, and it is defined as being aware of the present and performing Loving- Kindness everywhere you go. This is a treatment that is used to reduce stress due to post-traumatic experiences. The treatment emphasizes in emotion techniques such as mindfulness. This practice is use to regulate emotions, and decrease anger. The practice of Loving- Kindness is a key skill that better equips refugees to adjust to a new social, and cultural environment (Hoffman Sawyer, 2012). Community Services. Focuses on providing care for the basic needs for refugees as newcomers in the host country. For example, community services might include ESL programs (English as a Second Language), which help to reduce the language barrier in their host society. Another is government social assistance, which will help to empower refugees to become independent and prepares them for the skills needed for the workforce (Bakewell, 2003). Implication of Services Critique of Services Benefits of Psychotherapy. Refugees who seek psychotherapy will obtain better results because it helps them to identify the key issues and emotional triggers that prevent or blocks their mental state in order for them to cope in their new environment. It will also facilitate the process in order for them to become more mentally stable to continue their adjustment into the host country. Therefore, they can succeed in their learning development and workforce skills that will help them establish themselves, emotionally and mentally, as human beings in their community. As a consequence, they will achieve higher levels of living and functioning in their homes, as a family unit, as well as with individuals among their surroundings. Drawbacks of Psychotherapy. The issue with psychotherapy treatment is that refugees might not be open nor disclose enough from their past experiences, due to their traumatic mental damage in their former homeland. On the other end, the therapists may lack knowledge about what the refugees have gone through in their past, which could slow down or worsen the healing process, that might result in a wrong diagnosis. Moreover, it can lead the refugees to be dependable on the treatment and unable to handle his or her challenges. The refuges may see the therapists as a hero and therefore fall into a dual relationship and as an outcome, a failed treatment. Improvement of Psychotherapy. Refugees have a significantly major mental health problem. Therefore, the host country should be able to provide an effective mental health intervention, which includes the use of bilingual and culture-educated staff and training in disorders associated with the immigrant experience, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PSTD). If the therapist is well trained and speaks the language of the refugee, this will help the client to communicate better, therefore the treatment will be more accurate and effective. Benefits of Loving-Kindness Treatment. There are many benefits of the Loving-Kindness treatment. One of them is it reduces stress due to past experiences. It helps the refugees to focus on the present and be able to forget traumatic memories. It facilitates them to cope into their new environment and be able to socialize in their surroundings. It also brings peace of mind in order for them to function as normal civilians. Drawbacks of Loving-Kindness Treatment. One of the main drawbacks of this treatment is that it may seem as a religion and not all refugees would be open to receive it, therefore the treatment would not be effective for all cultures, only for those who believe in the treatment. Another problem is that in the moment of the treatment, it can bring bad memories, anxiety, and anger episodes because the refugees have to address their past experiences in order for them to focus on the present. In addition, the treatment is a short-term relief but a long-term process because the refugees must continue until it has become a pattern behavior. Improvements of Loving-Kindness Treatment. It is very important for the improvement of the Loving-Kindness treatment to incorporate other culturally accepted techniques and methods into the healing process that will be more accepted among refugees around the world. By including other methods of treatment, the process will be faster and effective. Benefits of Community Service. The community service that the host country offers to the refugees helps them to adjust effortlessly into their environment by empowering them to adapt rapidly into the new culture. In addition, it will facilitate the refugees to establish themselves and socialize into the community. For example, language-learning programs will help them to learn the language of the host country in order to be able to have better paying jobs, better education, and an easier adaption. At the same time, community service programs help refugees to learn how to finally have stability, because many of them have never experienced peace of mind in their homes and in their lives. Another benefit is that these services will help the refugee to cope and to some extent erase the traumatic memories by creating new ones and changing their pattern mental behaviors. Drawbacks of Community Service. The negative aspect of these services is that many times there are unattainable requirements that may not be applicable or appropriate for the new refugees. For example, some agencies require proper identification in order for them to receive assistance, however, at the arrival into the host country, the border retains the refugee documentation that will be given at the end of the refugee claimant process. Therefore, this will delay the time to obtain proper identification from the host country. As a result, it will stop the agency to provide the correct assistance to the refugee in their time of need. Another drawback is that instead of the refugee to be empowered to develop the skills needed to adapt, they may become dependable on the assistance of community service of the host country. For example, a refugee might depend on monetary assistance and not search for employment or education that eventually would lead to self-sufficiency. Improvements of Community Service. One of the improvements of the community services is to not blame the refugees for not integrating into the host country culture, such as not speaking the language fast enough, having low levels of education, or not being self-sufficient. The community should be more understanding about the refugee’s traumatic stress that may make the learning process longer and foremost, the refugees need to be mentally stable before integrating and learning can begin. The community should implement more educational programs into the host community about the culture and experiences of refugees so that they may help the refugee to integrate and adapt into the new culture. Also, the community services should be able to create more programs that speak the language of the refugee because this will help them to understand the programs in order for them to advance in the growing process. Conclusion In conclusion, this paper has provided a better knowledge of who a refugee is, why they seek protection, the challenges that refugees face upon the arrival into the host country, the approaches and services to address these challenges and finally the critiques of these services and what is needed to improve them. The purpose of this paper is for the host community to be more aware of the issues that a refugee goes through, in order for them to better understand and assist the refugees to become part of the culture and help them grow as human beings, in the midst of the process of healing from their past trauma. The question is whether the host country and its citizens will be willing to make the changes and efforts required to improve the process of refugee claimants around the world.

Construction Methods And Development Phases

Question: Discuss about An Overview Of Possible Construction Methods And Development Phases. Answer: Introduction Developing a new golf course essentially requires ample amount of time, money, resources and land. It involves the consideration of several crucial factors all together including the determination of financial feasibility, land type, planning aspects, designing, construction, operation and maintenance. This assignment will provide you a complete insight about the professionals who are involved in the construction of golf course along with a brief description about different development phases and possible construction methods. The entire process of planning, designing as well as construction of golf course involves huge amount of complexity. It incorporates the coordination and understanding of market analysis, cost estimation, site selection, permission, detailed designing, master planning and construction (EIGCA, 2016). A professional golf architect plays a crucial in managing each and every stage of development with ease and efficiency. In case, the golf course is not planned properly, the chances are that it may fail to meet the requirements of the market. With the consultation of a professional golf architect, the possibilities of failure can be reduced. Feasibility Studies The very first step for the development of a 18 hole golf course involves the determination of market as well as technical feasibility. The technical factor initially involves the consideration of a suitable site for golf course. An expert golf architect examines all the physical elements relating to the site like topography, soil, land area, vegetation, drainage, water availability and geology. They also analyze several other fetters as well including the environmental and legal restrictions, identifying safety issues, potential conflicts and local infrastructure. However, under the market feasibility, the golf architects consider the real need for a golf course. They analyze the market whether it really requires a golf course or not. Depending on the demand that prevails at local level the renowned architects can suggest you effective solutions that can offer long term benefits to your golf course. The Process Of Golf Course Design The entire process of designing a 18 hole golf course involves five different phases that may include Initial stage of site analysis 4 to 6 months (Selection of site) Designing the concept 5 to 18 months (Production of design plans) Development 12 to 18 months (Building the course) Grow-in 3 to 10 months (Waiting for the grass growth) Maintenance On-going (Continuous monitoring of the course) The overall time duration that it takes comes around 2.5 years. A brief description about all the phases of construction and development has been discussed hereunder Concept Designing Hiring a professional golf architect for the development of golf course can save you well in terms of money as well as time. Once you are done with the initial stage of preliminary site and market studies, the next big step that arises in the creation of a unique and viable plan for the course. The golf architects have expertise in combining your vision as well as objectives together to develop a successful golf course with their innovative designing. They also look after all the common limitations that may come across during the process of development such as (Love, 2008): Developing the project in steep slopes: It requires extensive amount of earthwork to make the location suitable for golf course. Flat sites: Constructing your golf course at flat sites may additionally require earth movements to facilitate drainage from the surface and creating fill material for building features. Poor soil or rock conditions Lack of adequate water and more. Masterplan Development A golf architect generally prepares several base maps and routing plans for the owners as well as planning team to review. This step involves the designing of layout for the development locations of maintenance facilities, playing surfaces, landscape characters, walls, bridges, lakes, pathways and streams. Once your golf architect is done with the planning of base map and route plans, they simultaneously focus on the conceptualisation of the plan along with the construction drawings. The concept planning involves the overall visualization of the golf course that highlights the form, size and shape of each and every feature that is available including hazards, greens, tees and bunkers. The detailed drawing of the construction plan covers all other plans of grading, irrigation, landscaping as well as course features. Planning Approval Depending on the country to which you belong, the planning and documentation requirements may vary. It may become lengthy and burdensome at some point to obtain planning permission from the legal development authorities. Under such situation as well, your golf architect can help you get out of it. They create a comprehensive design plan that also reflects the local requirements of planning submission thereby making the entire process of planning permission easier. In case, there is a requirement for assessment of environmental impact of the golf course, the architects can provide you complete assistance in that situation as well. Tender The golf architect you hire will also provide you substantial help in preparing detailed documentation for the tenders including plans, specifications and contracts. This will allow you to select the best contractor through bids and negotiations. The important documentations encompass plans for (Love, 2008) Drainage Grading Irrigation Clearing Landscaping Construction and more. Final Construction The final step of golf course development involves the construction work. It is really a technical task to accomplish that requires specialised skills and expertise. A well-planned process of construction involves the following major steps that include (The Golf Ark) STAKING: The initial stage of construction involves staking of the route plan on the site. CLEARING: The next step incorporates the clearance of unwanted shrubs and trees from the site. MAJOR DRAINAGE AND ROUGH GRADING: Furthermore, the cutting and filling of areas takes place for the creation of required foundation and ensure appropriate surface drainage. MINOR DRAINAGE AND FEATURE CONSTRUCTION: Finally, the subtle land shaping is done followed by the installation of finished features of drainage. IRRIGATION: The next step that follows is the installation of the irrigation system. PLANNING PREPARATION AND FINISH GRADING: This stage involves the construction of greens, bunkers and tees that are further prepared for the process of planning. PLANTATION: Initially the green and trees are planted in this stage and thereafter the fairways, roughs as well as play areas are created. References EIGCA, 2016, Guide for Developers How to Build a Golf Course, viewed 29 March 2016, https://www.eigca.org/build-a-golf-course Golf Course Design Study Guide, viewed 29 March 2016, https://www.nepgaassistants.com/pdfs/Golf%20Course%20Design%20Study%20Guide.pdf Jones, R, Developing a Golf Facility the Process, viewed 29 March 2016, https://www.rogerjonesgolf.com/publications/rjgd_golfdevelopment.pdf Love B, 2008, An Environmental Approach to Golf Course Development, viewed on 26 March 2016, https://eserver.gcbaa.org/folder/foundation/environmental-course-development.pdf Newport J. P. 2008, 18 Holes in 45 Minutes, article published in the Wall Street Journal viewed on 26 March 2016, https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122610474805110179 Sartori A., Golf Advisory Practice in EMA From North Cape to Cape Town, viewed on 29 March 2016, https://www.turismodeportugal.pt/Portugu%C3%AAs/AreasAtividade/desenvolvimentoeinovacao1/Documents/KPMG_Golf%20Course%20Development%20Cost%20Survey%202014.pdf Scottish Golf Environment Group, Environmental Issues in Golf Course Construction, viewed on 29 March 2016, https://www.sgeg.org.uk/documents/Advice/Golf%20Course%20Construction/Environmental%20Issues%20in%20Golf%20Course%20Construction%20%28SGEG%202005%29.pdf The Golf Ark, Golf Course Development Guide, viewed 29 March 2016, https://www.golf-ark.com/files/Golf%20Course%20Development%20Guide.pdf Tyler G. 2010, Alternatives to Golf Course Developments in an Environmentally Sensitive Market, Volume 8, Article 13, published in Cornell Real Estate Review.

Sample of RN to RN Essay For Job - Great Tips

Sample of RN to RN Essay For Job - Great TipsHere are a few samples of RN to RN essays for job. After all, if you're trying to get an interview or a job interview, it's a good idea to write one.Sample A: Assigning it to someone who is applying to be a nursing assistant. They'll be assigned three to four samples that they need to complete in order to successfully apply for the job. Each sample is completed and given to the person who wants to apply for the job.Sample B: You might also want to try this out on someone who is applying for a position as a registered nurse. Basically, this person will get three to four samples to complete. They can either choose to take one that is actually related to their field of interest or they can choose to take one that is directly related to their job description. This type of writing has been used by many people for many years to help them get jobs and to make their resumes stand out from the others.Sample C: You can also try this out on someone w ho is applying for a position as a medical assistant. Usually the application process for these jobs is pretty easy since they just have to fill out a form with their basic information. They might not even have to go to a medical office in order to fill out the forms.Sample D: This is another interesting option for those who are trying to put together a sample of RN to RN essays for job. This is a job for those who are applying for a position as a certified nursing assistant or an advanced practice nurse. The person just needs to read some sample RN to RN essays and to answer questions about their education and their experience.When it comes to samples, there are lots of ways to look at them. One way would be to view them in groups. As an example, let's say you had taken these samples to a call center and when they looked at them, they found them to be fairly good.If this is the case, it might mean that they were reading samples that were not very good and therefore they weren't goi ng to be successful at doing a job that they applied for. In fact, it could be the case that the samples are not what they need for them to succeed at this particular job. In this case, the sample might just be too short and too simple.It's a good idea to read a lot of samples of RN to RN essays for a job because they will allow you to really understand what the job entails. You might find that you might need more than one to write and that the samples you do choose might not be what you really need for your job application.

Assignment on S-Curves Essay Example

Assignment on S-Curves Essay Definition According to Richard N. Foster (1985), S-curves are a phenomenon showing the typical paths of product performance in relation to investment in Ramp;D. Technology S-curves are usually showing the performance of technology against time. Technology S-curve is different from product life cycle curve because its fluctuation is hardly predictable and highly dependable on the technological product or service improvements. According to Clayton M. Christensen (1992) in Exploring the limits of the technology S-curve, the technology S-curve is a useful framework describing the substitution of new for old technologies at the industry level. Christensen examines the usefulness of S-curve framework for managers at a firm level in planning for new technology development while using the information from the technological history of the disk drive. In most cases technology S-curve is used for high-tech products where the innovation of technology is main success factor directly influencing demand for that product. While using this framework we must always remember diffusion of innovations theory, pioneered by Everett Rogers, which posits that people have different levels of readiness for adopting new innovations and that the characteristics of a product affect overall adoption. Rogers classifies individuals into five groups: innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards. In terms of the S-curve, innovators occupy 2. 5%, early adopters 13. 5%, early majority 34%, late majority 34%, and laggards 16%. Such theory makes technology S-curve less flexible because the real effect for the demand is lagged (Figure No. 1) Figure No. 1. A graph of Everett Rogers Technology Adoption Lifecycle model. Describe two different types of technology S-curves. Explain how they differ and why they have the shape they do? We will write a custom essay sample on Assignment on S-Curves specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Assignment on S-Curves specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Assignment on S-Curves specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There are two different types of S-curves which differ in fluctuation intensity and shape depending on what kind of product or service company is providing and what strategies are used to introduce or improve that product/ service. Those S-curves can be separated as ‘rugged’ (Figure No. 2) and ‘smooth’ (Figure No. 3). Rugged S-curves have more intense fluctuation because companies innovate by using high risk – high return tightly coupled strategies such as shotgun sampling. Such strategies have some randomness which makes them very risky and affordable only for big companies because costs of such strategies are accordingly high. Of course, they are only random to some extent because those companies already have a good knowledge of their industry and technologies but invention of something absolutely new requires taking some trials. In most cases, such products or services are highly independent and hard to copy. Such strategies were used by Merck which is one of the biggest pharmaceutical companies in the world. They developed methods to screen and test huge numbers of potential drugs simultaneously. In their case the research was too slow especially because researches were not fully aware of the business environmental conditions. Another big company, BMW, conducted tests on their cars and motorcycles in virtual environment conditions with the goal of stability and safety improvements. Such technology was efficient because they managed to cut costs by creating realistic situations in virtual environment. When using such strategies company must be a veteran in its industry and have perfect knowledge of their technology limitations, industry standards and requirements. . Figure No. 2. Example of ‘rugged’ S-curve. Another type of S-curves is ‘smooth’. Its fluctuation is more stable because companies use modular strategies which are not so risky and are oriented to product improvements rather than installments. Moreover, products or services which are developed by such strategies are more easily copied so company should either be innovator or try to find other solutions on product’s/ service’s lifecycle peak. Despite that, it is always possible to undo one or other change of some particular module and, by this, make improvements until the highest realized peak point. One example of innovator using modular strategies for their products is Sony. Since 1979, Sony under the Walkman brand started to introduce portable audio and video playback devices and improve according to customer needs and by implementing newest technologies. Competitors couldn’t cope with such rapid changes that Sony was making because all they could do was copy and Sony was one step ahead of them because by the help of ‘smooth’ S-curve they could easier evaluate their technological achievements and mistakes. Figure No. 3. Example of ‘smooth’ S-curve. Both types of S-curves reflect what kind of technological strategies companies apply for their products or services. The biggest difference between them is the shape which is caused by the before mentioned factors of risk, intensity and amount of improvements. My above given examples show how demand for products or services is affected by change in technology in time. There may be another type of S-curves which show how new products or services are adopted depending on the group of customers provided by E. Rogers. As it can be seen in figure 4, then different products or services appear on the S-curve. Figure No. 4. Percentage of different products adoption depending on the customer type. Such type of S-curves represent how different products/ services are taken-up depending on one or more factors such as complexity of use, compatibility with environment, expedience and other. Figure 4 shows that fixed line and digital TV were adopted by the majority of customers because those products have had long lifecycle and no subsidiaries in market. All products from figure 4 have their own technological S-curves which may be very different. This type of S-curve is useful to project and see the tendencies of market and not product/ service alone. By having a good knowledge of market tendencies it is easier to foresee how your product/ service will be taken-up and which stage of adoption will be reached. Where is your product/service located on the technology S-curve? What insights can you draw from that, and what implications does it have for developing your business idea? According to the seven stages of business life, our business is in the seed stage because this is just an idea. It is possible to choose from two alternatives – either to start our own technology S-curve from scratch or to copy a part of it from already existing similar businesses. In my opinion, the best choice would be to copy already evolved technology of making soup as ready to sell product and leave variables of menu variability, interior and exterior design, staff, etc. for our own judgment. By such start-up strategy we would evade costs of possible trials for finding the most efficient combination of technology. In our case, using modular strategy would be more appropriate. For example, finding the best combination of the menu would require a series of trials but we cannot afford to use shotgun sampling strategy because it would dramatically increase needed technological resources which we do not have. We may add or change one soup at a time and leaving the rest of the menu untouched and observe if there is any demand for it. If results are not satisfactory, it is easy to undo changes on the ‘smooth’ S-curve and keep on repeating such trials. It is also important not to make decisions too quickly because according to before mentioned E. Rogers new product adoption curve, customers tent to accept new products differently in time manner. The goal would be to fill at least the early majority group of customers. Anyway, until soup restaurant is not introduced in Odense, it is impossible to place it on such type S-curve which is shown in figure 4. Moreover, the demand for this product depends more on marketing activities and marketing mix than on its technology, so putting it on market S-curve is even harder. Despite that, our goal is not to cover all the population demand but to aim at particular target market which may be relevant to innovators and early adopters. Discuss the concepts of modular and integral or coupled design and how it relates to your business idea (even in an abstract form). What could be the effects of modularity for your business in terms of: a. Structuring the tasks of designing and bringing your product or service to the market? As I mentioned before, usage of modular design is not so risky and results can be reversed. All the tasks of preparing, making and serving the soup and getting customer feedback should be structured because only then it would be possible to implement modular design strategies and use findings to get benefits. Furthermore, modular design strategy would make respective tasks more structured. b. Variety and flexibility of product/services offered? It is crucial to find the best combination of product variety in order to attract the biggest possible and supplyable amount of customers. It is impossible to have that combination at the very beginning but structured tasks and customer feedback should help to achieve that in long-term. c. Knowledge your business idea draws on? I see the knowledge notion very broad because it covers a lot of sections which are crucial when starting new business. It is important to have at least market and technology knowledge. As I mentioned before, it is possible to copy technology knowledge but market knowledge is usually achieved only by working in that particular market. Despite that, it is possible to have ‘experts’ who would help us to get knowledge of doing business and not to get into the same situation that Merck did get into. If we would copy the technological side of making soup, keeping it warm and serving, we still must have a structured system which would guarantee that all soups are made accordingly to receipts, kept in certain temperature and served with appropriate manners. To have that we must have people who have experience in this industry and do not work on their own insights. Such attention to human resources would require more costs but would definitely make inside processes more standardized and image of the restaurant more stable and reliable. References * Richard Foster (1986), Innovation: The Attackers Advantage; * Clayton M. Christensen (1992), Exploring the limits of the technology S-curve; * Everett M. Rogers (2003), Diffusion of innovations;

Childhood Obesity

Childhood Obesity Free Online Research Papers Whilst many factors impact on childhood obesity, parents ultimately have the main responsibility. Parents decide what’s in the cupboards, they plan meals and pack children’s lunchbox’s, clearly they are to blame for their child’s unhealthy lifestyle. Ultimately, parents select what food their children consume, therefore they are responsible. Clearly, young children cannot shop or prepare meals for themselves, and at this early stage of developing children should be provided with a wide range of healthy foods, to establish good eating habits for the future. From Dr Pagnini’s research he found ‘It is the parent’s job to provide the food’ . Parents need to take control and install discipline by saying no. When children pester parents for fast food the parents have the power to say ‘no’. The child may have a tantrum but that is better than them being overweight. Social commentator Amanda Blair expresses that ‘The 7 year old is not the one who’s getting in the car and heading for the drive through – it’s the parents’. Clearly, children copy parents in many aspects including their dietary habits and lifestyle. If parents don’t place importance on food they consume or exercise they undertake, neither will their children. Parent’s lives are becoming more hectic, it may be easier to buy fast food however parents need to prepare home cooked meals. This will be healthier and will allow children to partake in healthy food preparation. It’s the parent’s responsibility to get children involved in physical exercise. Parents need to provide appropriate equipment for children to be interested in partaking in activities outside. However, they cannot just send their children outside, parents need to be involved and be a good role model. Keith Ayoob, a registered dietician, says ‘Kids shouldn’t be solely responsible. It’s the whole family’s duty to do it together’ In conclusion, parents are in charge and they need to prevent their children from their children becoming overweight. Parents need to provide a wide range of healthy foods to allow children to choose healthy options, they need to install discipline and be able to say no when their child wants fast food. Parents need to set a good example and encourage a healthy lifestyle that involves physical exercise to ensure an optimistic future. Word Count- 406 2007, ‘Anxious Parents- feeding kids to much’, The(Hobart) Mercury Blair, A. 2007 ‘Why parents must take the blame’, The Advertiser Hellmich, N. 2007 ‘Why are parents in denial about kids weight?’, USA Today Research Papers on Childhood ObesityPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoHip-Hop is ArtThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseStandardized TestingRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andGenetic EngineeringInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product Childhood Obesity Free Online Research Papers Childhood obesity is a medical condition that affects children. â€Å"It is characterized by a weight well above the mean for their height and age and a body mass index well above the norm. Childhood obesity is considered by many to be an epidemic in Western countries, in particular, the United States, United Kingdom and Australia. Over 15% of American children are currently considered obese, and the number is growing.†1 The Diet of School-Aged Children by Kweethai Neill explains what happens when we as adults neglect to properly take care of ourselves, and how in the end, it affects how we take care of our children as well. I believe that as adults we need to begin to understand how important it is to eat healthy and exercise. We must instill those values in our children before they fall victim to becoming overweight and unhealthy. A distinguishing feature of a child that is obese is an above average weight in comparison to their height. Some of the factors contributing to childhood obesity include; junk food in schools, excessive snacking, poor dietary patterns and lack of physical exercise. The dietary patterns of children today have changed compared to what they were 30 years ago. More and more families are headed by a single parent or two-parent families with both parents that work. This trend is forcing schools and daycares to feed our children. The readily available junk food in vending machines, that are being put in our schools, makes it very easy for children to snack through out they day on high calorie non-nutritious foods. Many schools have signed contracts with fast food and beverage companies to provide products to students. In return a portion of the revenue goes to the school. Therefore many schools are serving pizza, burgers, chips, soda, candy and ice cream. More than 1/3rd of a child’s daily food intake comes from eating snacks between meals. Some states are beginning to ban junk food from their schools. Snacking has become the main eating style among children today. Eating high fat foods and decreasing exercise has helped in increasing the obesity problem. Children now days have fallen into an inactive lifestyle that includes watching television, playing video games, and taking a bus or car every where they need to go, even if it’s only a couple blocks. The consequences of childhood obesity include the risk for hyperlipidemia, â€Å"the presence of raised or abnormal levels of lipids and/or lipoproteins in the blood,†3 cardiovascular problems and diabetes. The trend of childhood obesity has also manifested to other countries including Brazil, Chili, Britain, Ireland, Spain, Sweden, China (the higher-income families), Taiwan, Thailand, and Australia. With the low cost of vegetable oils and fats, westernization is falling ill to low income persons in developing countries as well. The facts are, between 1980 and 1994; the percentage of children that are overweight has increased from 11 percent to 24 percent. Overweight children are 61% more likely to be at risk for cardiovascular disease, and an increasing amount of children are being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. In addition, overweight children have a 70% chance of being overweight when they reach adulthood. According to Neill, â€Å"Many school districts have negotiated exclusive contracts with fast food and beverage companies to provide their products to students, with a portion of the revenues going to the schools. As a result, cafeteria and vending machine lunches commonly include pizza, burgers, chips, soda, candy, and ice cream.† Knowing that childhood obesity is on the rise is important because it should make us aware of how we as a society need to start changing our eating habits at home and at school before it’s too late. With the rise of health care costs we all need to be doing our part to keep ourselves and our children healthy. We are what we eat. According to Neill, children that are found to be obese are children that have not adapted healthy eating habits or a physically active lifestyle. This is seen when Neill writes, â€Å"High fats and more calories, combined with a decrease in physical activity, have created an obesity problem among adolescents around the world. The increase in popularity of television viewing and video games, better public and private transportation, and the urbanization of cities account for adolescents adopting more sedentary lifestyles.† It’s understood that parents need to work to survive, but, is putting their selves and their family’s health at risk worth all the extra overtime? Even with our busy lives we need to step back and take a look at how we are hurting ourselves. If we don’t, the extra money that we make now will end up going towards medical bills later to fix what we have done to ourselves trying to earn that extra buck. According to Neill the obesity rate has more than doubled in the last 14 years. As she states,† Between 1980 and 1994, the percentage of children who are overweight increased from 11 percent to 24 percent.† If the obesity rate increased from 11 percent to 24 percent between 1980 and 1994, and it continues at the same pace, the obesity rate will be at 36 percent in 2008, and at 48 percent by 2020. The numbers are clear; we need to start eating healthier now and taking care of our children before the doctors have to. We as adults need to start taking control over our eating habits, in doing so we will begin instilling these values in our children. People need to begin putting their health and their families first before it’s too late. I believe that the number one factor for children being over weight can account for parents not having or taking the time to make home cooked nutritional meals for their children anymore. Fast food dinners have become the normal family meal. In my opinion, the second leading factor would go to the introduction of junk food in our public schools. Making junk food readily available to children tells them it’s ok to indulge. As I said, we need to start taking care of our health and the health of our children before we can’t anymore. Bibliography: 1. Neill, Kweethai C. (2007). Diet of School-Aged Children. Nutrition and Well-Being A to Z, pp. 13-16 2. â€Å"Childhood Obesity.† Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_obesity. 3. â€Å"Hyperlipidemia.† Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperlipidemia. Research Papers on Childhood ObesityPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationStandardized TestingInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesGenetic EngineeringMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductHip-Hop is ArtRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Spring and Autumn

Discuss in scholarly detail ways that building intra-organization Essay

Discuss in scholarly detail ways that building intra-organization cooperation between information systems personnel and line managers improve the information systems - Essay Example ferent managers perceive the environment differently.† Information system personnel can evaluate and ratify several technical aspects of ISs but the line managers can provide them important operational insights into these systems because of their firsthand practical experience. Line managers that interact with information systems can reflect the limitations and weaknesses observed in the system and this feedback can play a vital role in important modifications. Zientara (n.d., p.4) declares the â€Å"Line managers continual dissatisfaction with the quality of information systems services† as the failure of information systems. The growth and advancement of distributed information systems has also instigated the need of intra-organization cooperation because consolidation of information received from various modules of the information system can be used to further improve the system. Eduardo states, â€Å"A new purpose of the informal distributed information systems for innovation that arise from the interaction of the accumulated stock of knowledge emerging at the individual (micro) level.† It can be safely deduce that the information accumulated by the line managers can provide a useful insight into the information systems for further

Sharing Ideas through the Internet Research Paper

Sharing Ideas through the Internet - Research Paper Example Sharing Ideas through the Internet Due to the ease of access, some people possess impure intentions as they log onto cyberspace with everyone else. Communication and information sharing are two of the internet’s greatest advantages. Sharing of information and ideas across localities, countries, time zones, and computers occurs over the internet. This sharing allows multi-national corporations to keep projects going all the time by moving it between stations of work electronically by using the internet. Communication can occur through e-mail, file sharing, or instant messaging. The internet can now be used to make telephone calls via a process that is known as Voice over Internet Protocol, or VOIP. Sharing ideas over the internet also enhances play. Sharing of videos, pictures, and music over the internet with a worldwide audience enhances information sharing, allowing individuals to preview new music free. Website hosted games are also available for people across the world, enabling someone in Australia to play with an Austrian. Online gambling and dating are two popular attractions to the internet. However, sharing of ideas over the internet possesses a dark side. If one is capable of covering their cyber address, then they become tempted to carry out things they would not normally do such as spread malicious information and pornographic material. In addition, people with technical knowledge and skills may compromise unsuspecting users sharing information on the internet, which they may use to infect your correspondent’s computer with malicious software. ... However, this paper seeks to prove that by, taking proper precautions, one’s internet experience, could prove enriching, with the pros far outweighing the cons. Social networking and potential for collaborations brought about by blogs; provide a decidedly human side to the publicizing of ideas and information (Bruns & Jacobs 4). Via the personalization of content, blogs do much more than play an informative role. They provide a platform for expression, deliberation, and debate. Blogs have come to replace outdated personal websites and email lists as vehicles for the idea and information exchange, giving authors an opportunity to connect with their audience in ways that would have been impossible before. At the same time, they retain control over their space’s creative space. The blogosphere is unique due to its structure as a fluctuating, decentralized, and distributed ad hoc network of personalized websites that inter-create, interact, and interrelate with each other. Herein lays the power of blogging. Rather that the individual blog, it is the tapping of thousands of weblogs collective power that brings about the emergence of blogosphere’s â€Å"magic†. Blogs enable weblogs to become more than its part’s total. Anyone with access to the internet in this environment can participate in idea and information exchange, with the low level of entry barriers and lack of a central authority to grant accreditation or publishing rights ensure that bloggers are not prevented from linking or responding to ideas or information found on or off-line (Bruns & Jacobs 5). In a time of value system redefinition, global threats, and competing belief networks, bloggers now have the opportunity to question their view on issues, as well as grasp some sense of hope and